Dead space was varied by varying tidal volume, end-expiratory pressure, inspiratory-to-expiratory ratio, and inspiratory hold in each patient. Physiologic dead spaces of 1,200 carbon dioxide expirograms obtained from 10 ventilated patients were calculated by the Bohr-Enghoff equation, the Fletcher area method, and the new graphical equal area method and were compared by Bland-Altman analysis. This study introduces a graphical method that uses similar principles for measuring and displaying anatomical, physiologic, and alveolar dead spaces.Ī new graphical equal area method for estimating physiologic dead space is derived. Alveolar dead space is calculated as the difference between anatomical dead space estimated by the Fowler equal area method and physiologic dead space. Physiologic dead space is usually estimated by the Bohr-Enghoff equation or the Fletcher method.
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